甘肃野生秦艽分布及生境特点

甘肃省是药用植物秦艽的原产地,境内生长有9个不同的野生种,其中4种为《中华人民共和国药典》规定的正品秦艽,5种为近缘种.主要分布在省内的陇南、陇东、陇中及甘南高原与河西祁连山区的10个市(州)、30多个县境内.共有的生态环境特征是海拔较高,气候较湿润,年均气温较低.     

Fumigant Toxicity and Oviposition Deterrent Activity of Volatile Constituents from Asari Radix et Rhizoma against Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) is a worldwide pest of potato. Plant-borne chemicals would be potential alternatives of synthetic chemical fumigants against P. operculella in the storage. Asari Radix et Rhizoma is derived from the dry roots and rhizomes of Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum, A. sieboldii Miq. var. seoulense, or A. sieboldii. In this study, fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrent of volatile constituents from ARR, δ-3-carene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, eucarvone, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene, and methyleugenol were tested against P. operculella. The preliminary verification of preventive and control effects of eucarvone, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene and methyleugenol on P. operculella was carried out by simulating warehouse experiments. The results indicated that the six compounds above had fumigation toxic effects on the adults and eggs of P. operculella. Among them, δ-3-carene, γ-terpinene, and terpinolene had weaker fumigation effects than those of eucarvone, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene, and methyleugenol. The LC₅₀ values of eucarvone, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene, and methyleugenol against adult P. operculella were 1.01, 1.78, 1.51 mg/liter air, respectively. The LC₅₀ values against egg P. operculella were 1.09, 0.55, 0.30 mg/liter air, respectively. The oviposition deterrent experiment showed that only methyleugenol (at 5 and 1 mg/ml) and eucarvone (5 mg/ml) had a substantial oviposition deterrent effect. The simulated warehouse experiment verified that methyleugenol, eucarvone, and 3,5-dimethoxytoluene protected potatoes from P. operculella and demonstrated that methyleugenol had the best preventive and control effects. It was concluded that methyleugenol was the active ingredient with the most potential in the volatiles from ARR on P. operculella control and merit further study as botanic fumigant.     

Effect of Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani flavone on apoptosis and MAPK signaling pathway in myeloid leukemia NB-4 cells

AIM:To study the effects of Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani flavone (RTHF) on the viability, apoptosis and MAPK signaling pathway in human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB-4 cells. METHODS:The inhibitory effects of RTHF on the viability and proliferation of NB-4 cells were measured by CCK-8 assay and BrdU test. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the apoptosis of NB-4 cells induced by RTHF, and the cell cycle distribution after RTHF treatment. The levels of apoptosis- and MAPK pathway-related proteins in the NB4 cells were determined by Western blot. RESULTS:RTHF inhibited the viability and proliferation of NB-4 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and the IC₅₀ at 48 h was 2.26 g/L. RTHF blocked NB-4 cells into the cell proliferation cycle, with stagnation in the G₂ phase. Meanwhile, RTHF induced apoptosis of the cells, down-regulated the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and up-regulated the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, caspase-3 and Cyt-C, in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The expression of ERK5 was decreased, and p38 was increased induced after RTHF treatment. However, no obvious change of ERK1/2 and JNK after RTHF treatment was observed. CONCLUSION:RTHF effectively inhibits the viability and proliferation, and induces apoptosis of leukemic NB-4 cells in vitro. Its mechanism may be related to signaling pathways of p38 MAPK and apoptosis proteins.     

复方板蓝根制剂对小鼠生长性能和免疫力的影响

为了探讨复方板蓝根制剂对小鼠生长性能和免疫力的影响，以便为开发中药免疫增强剂提供实验依据。将100只21日龄、质量相近、健康状况良好的小鼠随机分为10组：I组为空白对照组，饲喂常规饲料；Ⅱ和Ⅲ组为黄霉素对照组和黄芪多糖对照组，分别饲喂添加1．0g／kg黄霉素和1．0g／kg黄芪多糖的饲料；IV—VII组为板蓝根对照组、鱼腥草对照组、陈皮对照组和黄芪对照组，分别饲喂添加1．0g／kg相应药物的饲料；Ⅷ一X组为试验组，分别饲喂添加0．5g／kg、1．0g／kg和1．5g／kg复方板蓝根的饲料。结果表明，X组小鼠的料肉比显著降低，日增重显著提高，力竭游泳时间显著延长（P〈0．05）；Ⅸ组小鼠的免疫细胞水平明显提高，肝指数明显增加；VIII组小鼠的脾指数增加最为明显，提示复方板蓝根制剂能提高小鼠的生长性能，并增强小鼠的免疫力。     

基于Rocky Dem的宁前胡排种器设计与试验

针对轻质、异形不规则的宁前胡种子存在流动性差、易破损等难题,基于宁前胡的种子物性参数和种植农艺要求,设计了一种马蹄形轮式“条播”排种器。通过充种过程的分析,得知马蹄形型孔可提高种子流动性、减少种子损伤。利用Rocky Dem离散元仿真软件进行单因素试验,由Particles Energy Spectra模块分析种子与排种轮的碰撞能量预测种子破损情况。以排种轮转速和导种槽倾角为试验因素进行二次回归正交旋转组合试验,并利用回归模型进行参数优化。结果表明：当排种轮转速为31.75 r/min、导种槽倾角为31.05°时,排种性能最优,排种均匀性变异系数为11.37%、排量稳定性变异系数为1.02%。通过台架试验验证了不同型孔圆角半径对种子破损情况的变化趋势与仿真试验结果一致,证明了该方法的可行性。马蹄形轮式宁前胡“条播”排种器田间试验与台架试验结果基本一致,能满足宁前胡种植农艺要求。     

贵州产天冬中多糖的提取及其抗氧化活性的研究

沸水煮提贵州产天冬中的多糖成分并提纯;测定其对·O2-和·OH的清除作用.结果显示贵州产天冬中多糖的提取率为13.00％;一定剂量的天冬多糖在体外对·O2-和·OH具有显著的清除作用(P＜0.05).     

HPLC-MS测定江油附子中三种生物碱的含量

建立了附子中乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱的高效液相色谱-质谱联用检测方法,并用该方法测定不同秸杆覆盖处理的附于中3种生物碱成分.以PolarisC18-A(50 mm×2.0 mm,5.0 μm)为色谱柱;甲醇和水(体积比为80∶20)为流动相,流速为0.2 mL/min,检测波长为240 nm,柱温为30℃.结果表明,乌头碱、新乌头碱、次乌头碱分别在0.70～35.00 ng(r=0.999 6)、0.50～25.00 ng (r=0.999 6)、1.06～53.00 ng (r=0.9980)范围内线性良好;平均回收率分别为100.7％、99.2％和98.9％.该方法结果准确可靠,是一种快速灵敏、专属性强的分析方法.     

苍术香连散中苍术及木香薄层鉴别方法研究

为了建立苍术香连散中苍术及木香的薄层鉴别方法,试验采用薄层色谱对散剂中苍术及木香进行鉴别。结果表明,薄层色谱能够明显检出苍术和木香的特征有效成分。本法简便、快速、灵敏,可以作为该散剂的质量控制方法。     

太子参光合速率变化特征初探

为探明太子参Radix pseudostellariae光合速率变化特征,采用Li 6400光合测定系统,在晴朗的天气测定了太子参倒二叶的光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gc)的日变化和不同生长期的变化。研究结果表明：太子参的光合作用日变化呈单峰型,不存在“光合午休”现象,光合速率和蒸腾速率都在很大程度上决定于气孔导度,气孔导度与光合速率和蒸腾速率均表现为极显著（P<0.01）的正相关关系。太子参光合速率和蒸腾速率都随着整个生长期的推进,先缓慢升高后在倒苗期间急剧降低。     

黄芪多糖提取工艺研究

为黄芪多糖的进一步开发利用打下基础,选取黄芪多糖的提取时间、提取温度和料液比3个因素进行了单因素试验。结果表明:温度、提取时间和料液比3个单因素的最佳条件分别为90℃、60 min和1∶8。其温度、提取时间和料液体积的最佳组合条件有待进一步研究。